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Nicotine & Tobacco Research Advance Access originally published online on March 18, 2009
Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2009 11(4):394-403; doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp004
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For Permissions, please e-mail: journals.Permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Immediate and short-term impact of a brief motivational smoking intervention using a biomedical risk assessment: The Get PHIT trial

Jennifer B. McClure, Evette Ludman, Lou Grothaus, Chester Pabiniak, Julie Richards and Amy Mohelnitzky

Jennifer B. McClure, Ph.D., Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA
Evette Ludman, Ph.D., Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA
Lou Grothaus, M.A., Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA
Chester Pabiniak, M.S., Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA
Julie Richards, M.P.H., Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA
Amy Mohelnitzky, M.Ed., Group Health Center for Health Studies, Seattle, WA

Corresponding Author: Jennifer B. McClure, Ph.D., Group Health Center for Health Studies, 1730 Minor Avenue, Suite 1600, Seattle, WA 98101, USA. Telephone: 206-287-2737; Fax: 206-287-2871; E-mail: mcclure.j{at}ghc.org


  Abstract

Introduction: Providing smokers with biologically based evidence of smoking-related disease risk or physical impairment may be an effective way to motivate cessation.

Methods: Smokers were recruited for a free health risk assessment and randomized to receive personally tailored feedback based on their lung functioning, carbon monoxide (CO) exposure, and smoking-related health conditions or generic information about the risks of smoking and personalized counseling based on their diet, body mass index, and physical activity. All (n = 536) were advised to quit smoking and offered access to a free telephone cessation program. Participants were surveyed immediately after intervention and 1 month later to assess the impact on various indices of motivation to quit.

Results: Immediately posttreatment, experimental participants rated themselves as more likely to try to quit (p = .02) and reported a greater mean increase in their motivation to quit than controls (p = .04). At 1-month follow-up, however, we found no significant group differences on any motivational indices. In post-hoc analyses comparing smokers in the experimental group with and without lung impairment, persons with impaired lung functioning had a greater change from baseline in posttreatment motivation to quit (adjusted p = .05) and perceived risk of developing a smoking-related disease (p = .03) compared with persons with no lung impairment, but we found no significant treatment effect on any motivational indices at 1 month.

Discussion: The results suggest that the intervention had a small, temporary effect, but we found no clear evidence that the intervention increased motivation to quit smoking during the first month postintervention.

Received: March 10, 2008; Accepted: September 16, 2008
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