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Nicotine & Tobacco Research Advance Access originally published online on March 5, 2009
Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2009 11(2):107-110; doi:10.1093/ntr/ntn015
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Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco.

Light and intermittent smoking: The road less traveled

Pebbles Fagan and Nancy A. Rigotti

Pebbles Fagan, Ph.D., MPH, Tobacco Control Research  Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer  Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute,  Bethesda, MD
Nancy A. Rigotti, M.D., Tobacco Research and Treatment Center,  Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School,  Boston, MA

Corresponding Author: Pebbles Fagan, Ph.D., MPH, Health Scientist, Tobacco Control Research Branch, Behavioral Research Program, Division of Cancer Control and Population Sciences, National Cancer Institute, Executive Plaza North, Room 4042, 6130 Executive Boulevard MSC 7337, Bethesda, MD 20892-7337, USA. Telephone: 301-496-8584. Fax: 301-496-8675. Email: faganp@mail.nih.gov

The first 150 words of the full text of this article appear below.


   Introduction
 
Tobacco control research is at a crossroads. Increasingly, investigators, policy makers, and practitioners recognize the need for concerted efforts to reduce smoking around the globe and across the entire spectrum of smokers. Research and public health efforts have targeted primarily moderate to heavy smokers and those who smoke every day. The National Household Interview Surveys that have monitored U.S. tobacco use since the 1960s did not even distinguish between daily and nondaily smoking until 1992 (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [CDC], 1994). Our interventions, theoretical frameworks, and concepts of addiction and quitting processes were modeled on heavy daily smoking. Because the frequency, intensity, and duration of tobacco exposure are related in a dose-dependent manner to the risk of health consequences, this strategy focused on those smokers at highest risk of tobacco-related disease.

However, no level of cigarette smoke is safe (U.S. Department of Health and Human . . . [Full Text of this Article]


   The turning point
 

   Highlights
 
Smoking patterns
Trends and transitions over time
Nicotine dependence
Health effects and heritability

   Future research for the road less traveled
 

   Conclusions
 

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