Nicotine & Tobacco Research Advance Access published online on January 27, 2009
Nicotine & Tobacco Research, doi:10.1093/ntr/ntn007
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Medical students lack basic knowledge about smoking: Findings from two European medical schools
Tobias Raupach, M.D., Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Göttingen, Germany
Lion Shahab, Ph.D., CRUK Health Behaviour Research Centre and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London, UK
Sandra Baetzing, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Göttingen, Germany
Barbara Hoffmann, M.D., Institute for Medical Informatics, Biometry and Epidemiology (IMIBE), Essen, Germany
Gerd Hasenfuss, Professor, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University Hospital Göttingen, Germany
Robert West, Professor, CRUK Health Behaviour Research Centre and Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, UK
Stefan Andreas, Professor, Specialist Clinic for Lung Diseases, Immenhausen, Germany
Corresponding Author: Tobias Raupach, Georg August University of Göttingen, University Clinic, Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, D-37099 Göttingen, Germany. Telephone: +49 551 39-6318. Fax: +49 551 39-6389. E-mail: raupach{at}med.uni-goettingen.de
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Abstract |
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Introduction: Prevention of smoking-related disease is a major challenge to medicine. Although interventions delivered by clinicians can reduce smoking rates, the teaching of smoking cessation methods is not a top priority in most medical curricula.
Methods: Medical students from Göttingen, Germany (n = 1,435), and London (n = 656) were asked to complete a questionnaire on smoking-related mortality and the effectiveness of different approaches to smoking cessation. In addition, students’ perceived competence to counsel smokers was assessed.
Results: Smoking-related mortality was underestimated by students from both study sites. The data suggest that smoking medical students greatly overestimated the chances of reaching old age as a smoker. A substantial number of students falsely assumed that nicotine causes coronary artery disease. Overall knowledge of the long-term effectiveness of smoking cessation methods was poor. For example, medical students from Göttingen considered "willpower alone" more effective than comprehensive group cessation programs. Less than a third of medical students from both study sites felt competent to counsel smoking patients. This finding was constant across different stages of medical education.
Discussion: Students in both countries lacked relevant information about smoking and health and the effectiveness of cessation methods. Given the importance of smoking in practically all aspects of medicine and the role of clinicians in advising patients on and aiding cessation, this problem urgently needs to be addressed.
Received: February 4, 2008; Accepted: June 14, 2008
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