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Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2007 9(7):769-776; doi:10.1080/14622200701397890
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© 2007 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

Understanding Tobacco Use Among Filipino American Men

Annette E. Maxwell, Dr.P.H., Gabriel M. Garcia, M.P.H. and Barbara A. Berman, Ph.D.

Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, School of Public Health/Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA

Correspondence: Annette E. Maxwell, Dr.P.H., Division of Cancer Prevention and Control Research, University of California, Los Angeles, 650 Charles Young Drive South, Room A2-125, CHS, Los Angeles, CA 90095-6900, USA. Tel: +1 (310) 794-9282; Fax: +1 (310) 206-3566; E-mail: amaxwell{at}ucla.edu


  Abstract

Although lung cancer is the top cancer killer among Filipino American men, data on tobacco-related knowledge and attitudes, cessation efforts, and preferences for smoking cessation programs among this population are lacking. We interviewed a community sample of 318 Filipino American men (110 current, 108 former, and 100 never-smokers, all immigrants) aged 40–75 years in Los Angeles County in English and Tagalog, to gain a better understanding of their tobacco use as a first step toward developing a culturally tailored smoking cessation program. In our sample, smokers had lower levels of education and income compared with nonsmokers and were less acculturated based on language use and English fluency. Smokers were more likely than nonsmokers to agree that smoking can alleviate stress, depression, and boredom, and that it is part of social interactions, growing up, being a man, and looking mature. These beliefs were summarized in a Smoking Beliefs Scale (Cronbach's {alpha}=.84), which predicted current smoking in a multivariate analysis, together with perceived risk of getting smoking-related diseases and peer norms. The most preferred smoking cessation intervention formats were educational small group sessions with other Filipino men (32%), followed by one-on-one consultations by a health professional (26%), video (20%), pamphlet (17%), and toll-free telephone number (6%). More than half of the current smokers requested these smoking cessation activities in Tagalog (34%) or a combination of Tagalog and English (24%). Based on these findings, we make specific recommendations for a smoking cessation program for Filipino men.

Received: May 19, 2006; Accepted: August 7, 2006
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