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Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2007 9(12):1331-1337; doi:10.1080/14622200701705209
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© 2007 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

Use of Smokeless Tobacco is a Risk Factor for Cigarette Smoking

Herbert H. Severson, Ph.D., Kathleen K. Forrester, M.A. and Anthony Biglan, Ph.D.

Oregon Research Institute Eugene, OR

Correspondence: Herbert H. Severson, Ph.D., Oregon Research Institute, 1715 Franklin Boulevard, Eugene, OR 97403, USA. Tel: +1 (541) 484-2123; Fax: +1 (541) 484-1108; E-mail: herb{at}ori.org


  Abstract

This study assessed the risk of smoking uptake over 2 years in adolescent boys (in grades 7 and 9) who had used smokeless tobacco (ST). We used logistic regression to determine whether the odds of adolescent boys taking up regular smoking over a period of 2 years were greater among initial nonsmokers who used ST, compared with nonusers of ST, after accounting for six well-established predictors of smoking. Initiation of weekly smoking 2 years after baseline was associated with ST use at baseline, even after including dichotomous measures of parent, sibling, or close friend smoking; low academic grades; 30-day alcohol use; and a scale measure of deviant behavior. With these other predictors included in the model, the odds ratio for the association of ST use with weekly smoking after 2 years was strong and significant (OR=2.55, 95% CI 1.45–4.47, p<.001). The use of ST in the 7th and 9th grades is a significant risk factor for subsequent smoking even when controlling for other factors.

Received: April 4, 2006; Accepted: August 3, 2006
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