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Nicotine & Tobacco Research Advance Access originally published online on October 8, 2009
Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2009 11(11):1359-1367; doi:10.1093/ntr/ntp146
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© The Author 2009. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of the Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco. All rights reserved. For permissions, please e-mail: journals.permissions@oxfordjournals.org

Potential effects of active parental consent: Enrolling teen smokers into a school-based cessation program

Kimberly A. Horn, Steven A. Branstetter, Geri A. Dino, Traci D. Jarrett, Cindy Tworek and Jianjun Zhang

Kimberly A. Horn, Ed.D., M.S.W., Translational Tobacco Reduction Research Program, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer and Prevention Research Center, and Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Steven A. Branstetter, Ph.D., Translational Tobacco Reduction Research Program, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer and Prevention Research Center, and Department of Psychology, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Geri A. Dino, Ph.D., Translational Tobacco Reduction Research Program, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer and Prevention Research Center, and Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Traci D. Jarrett, M.P.H., Translational Tobacco Reduction Research Program, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer and Prevention Research Center, and Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Cindy Tworek, Ph.D., Translational Tobacco Reduction Research Program, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer and Prevention Research Center, and Department of Pharmaceutical Systems and Policy, West Virginia University, Morgantown
Jianjun Zhang, M.S., Translational Tobacco Reduction Research Program, Mary Babb Randolph Cancer and Prevention Research Center, and Department of Community Medicine, West Virginia University, Morgantown

Corresponding Author: Kimberly A. Horn, Ed.D., M.S.W., Department of Community Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, West Virginia University, 1 Medical Center Drive, P.O. Box 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506-9190. Telephone: 304-293-0268; Fax: 304-293-8624; E-mail: khorn{at}hsc.wvu.edu


  Abstract

Introduction: Research on effective teen smoking cessation interventions is critical to reducing the tobacco-related disease burden and risk of lifetime negative health outcomes for youth. However, informed consent procedures requiring active parental consent may restrict or influence teen participation in critical teen cessation programs.

Methods: Not On Tobacco (N-O-T) is a teen smoking cessation intervention that has been implemented under both active parental consent and passive parental consent conditions. The present study determined if there are differences in characteristics of youth enrolled under each condition. Data were available for active consent (n = 968) and passive consent (n = 4,924) participants aged 14–18 who completed the N-O-T program between 1998 and 2006 across several states.

Results: Participants enrolled under active consent conditions were more likely to be older, White/non-Hispanic, live in father-only or grandparent-headed household, start smoking at an earlier age, smoke more on weekdays, have previous unsuccessful quit attempts, and have siblings and friends who smoke. Additional differences were found between active and passive consent conditions in motivation to quit smoking, confidence in quitting, and stage of change.

Discussion: Results highlight important differences between youth who enroll in a smoking cessation program under active and passive consent conditions, often a distinguishing feature of research and non-research implementation.

Received: March 10, 2009; Accepted: July 22, 2009
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