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Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2008 10(8):1397-1404; doi:10.1080/14622200802239330
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© 2008 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

The Role of Impulsivity on Smoking Maintenance

Joseph W. VanderVeen, M.A., Lee M. Cohen, Ph.D., Kelly C. Cukrowicz, Ph.D. and David R. M. Trotter, M.A.

Psychology Department, Texas Tech University Lubbock, Texas

Correspondence: Lee M. Cohen, Texas Tech University, Department of Psychology, Box 42051, Lubbock, TX 79409-2051, USA. Tel: +1 (806) 742-3711 ext. 236; Fax: +1 (806) 742-0818; E-mail: lee.cohen{at}ttu.edu


  Abstract

In order to better understand why those higher in impulsivity experience more difficulties during smoking abstinence, the current study examined the possible mechanisms contributing to cigarette smoking relapse. Fifty dependent cigarette smokers completed measures designed to assess craving, tobacco withdrawal severity, and negative affect during 48 hours of nicotine abstinence. Using a series of multilevel models (SAS Proc Mixed Procedure), significant impulsivity x time analyses revealed differences in craving, F(2, 96)=3.74, p<.05, and anxiety, F(2, 96)=3.23, p<.05. Simple slopes analyses indicated that heightened trait-impulsivity predicted greater increases in craving and anxiety during a 48-hour abstinence period. These findings suggest that smokers with higher levels of impulsivity may lack the ability to find an accessible and comparable substitute for cigarette smoking during a cessation attempt. This study also highlights the importance of considering individual differences when treating those who wish to quit smoking.

Received: June 8, 2007; Accepted: December 26, 2007
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