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Nicotine & Tobacco Research 2008 10(4):627-635; doi:10.1080/14622200801978706
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© 2008 Society for Research on Nicotine and Tobacco

Anxiety Sensitivity and Perceived Control Over Anxiety-Related Events: Associations With Smoking Outcome Expectancies and Perceived Cessation Barriers Among Daily Smokers

Kristin L. Gregor, B.A., Michael J. Zvolensky, Ph.D., Alison C. McLeish, Ph.D., Amit Bernstein, Ph.D. and Sandra Morissette, Ph.D.

University of Vermont Burlington, VT
University of Mississippi Medical Center Jackson, MS
Palo Alto VA System Palo Alto, CA
Boston University School of Medicine and VA Boston Healthcare System Boston, MA

Correspondence: Michael J. Zvolensky, Ph.D., University of Vermont, Department of Psychology, 2 Colchester Avenue, John Dewey Hall, Burlington, VT 05405-0134, USA. Tel: +1 (802) 656-8994; Fax: +1 (802) 656-8783; E-mail: michael.zvolensky{at}uvm.edu


  Abstract

The present investigation examined the extent to which the cognitive factors of anxiety sensitivity (AS) and perceived control over anxiety-related events are independently related to smoking outcome expectancies and perceived barriers to quitting. Participants were 125 community-recruited adult, daily smokers. Consistent with hypotheses, AS and perceived control over anxiety-related events independently and significantly predicted smokers' expectancies for negative affect reduction from smoking, whereas only AS predicted expectancies for negative personal consequences from smoking. Also as hypothesized, AS and perceived control over anxiety-related events each independently and significantly predicted level of general perceived barriers to quitting smoking. All of the observed significant effects were evident above and beyond the variance accounted for by gender, alcohol consumption, number of cigarettes smoked per day, and negative affectivity. Together, these findings further the literature on the relation between anxiety-relevant cognitive factors and psychological smoking processes.

Received: April 12, 2007; Accepted: August 27, 2007
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